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内容記述 |
It is a wish of all to get old healthfully. However, in recent years the number of people who need care increases rapidly in Japan. It is important for older adults to improve and maintain health condition and physical fitness by means of daily physical activities and exercise. Therefore it is necessary to grasp an individual state of what kind of training we should give. At the same time, the spread of physical fitness tests will be possible by selecting the test items with which older adults can measure their fitness without having any particular knowledge of physical fitness tests. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study is to establish the physical fitness tests and aim at the spread of them through mutual assistance, for evaluating abilities required for activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The subjects were ６７７ community-dwelling older adults（２２０ men and ４４８ women, age＝６７．７＋／−６．３yrs），who could move freely without any walking devices, aged ６０ to ８６ years. The following nine-item tests encompassing activities of daily living were given to them: grip strength，３０-sec chair stand test, tandem, one leg with eyes open, functional reach test, timed up & go, sit and reach，１０ m maximal walking time and maximal step. These items were selected from the following viewpoint: the test-retest reliability of each item, the ease of the instrumentation, the utility such as the economy and the safety, the item which was used for evaluation for the older adults until now. Factor analysis with Normal Promax Criterion was applied to the data. RESULTS: As a result of excluding the test items which did not have correlations with the age from those extracted by factor analysis, the following test items were selected: maximal step, one leg with eyes open and 10m maximal walking time in older men; timed up & go, grip strength, one leg with eyes open in older women; timed up & go, grip strength, one leg with eyes open in in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that three-item tests（timed up & go, grip strength, one leg with eyes open）could evaluate abilities required for activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults. These tests will spread for the reason of the simplicity, the economy and the safety. They will also spread because older adults can do them by themselves. |
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